Epidemic is a disease that can spread from person to person and infect many people at one time or another in an area where the disease is relatively rare.Epidemics can affect all countries, continents, and sometimes even the whole world. Today, we will look at some of the most destructive pestilences in human history.
1. The plague of Athens
It invades about 430 BCE during the Peloponnesian War, the Athenian Plague produced somewhere Instead of 100,000 people over a period of three years. If that does not sound impressive, remember that at least 25% of Athenians' contemporaries did not. To help others see it later, an Athenian general and historian Thucydides wrote an eyewitness account of the disease and its symptoms. He described his illness as the onset of a high fever, diarrhea, and pustular outbreaks. Equally disturbing is Thucydides' description of the social consequences of the epidemic.He said the widespread belief was that the disease could not survive people to start behaving like criminals and mobs. He wrote, “Disaster it was so strange that people, not knowing what would happen to them, began to disregard all religious or legal rules.
2. Antonine Disease
Also known as the Galen Plague, Antonine Plague ravaged the Roman Empire from 165 to 180 CE Although the nature of the epidemic is unknown today, it is believed that it could be a small outbreak of measles or smallpox. In any case, historians speculate that it was brought to Rome by soldiers returning from battle. At the worst of times, Antonine Plague killed about a quarter of all those who contracted it. In the end, it is believed to have killed an estimated 60 million people. And it was not just the poor and needy who suffered. The dead are believed to have included Lucius Verus, the Roman emperor.
3. Cyprian Disease.
From about 249 to 262 CE, the Roman Empire was hit by a plague that eventually became known as the Cypriot Plague, in honor of the saint and early Christian writer who recorded this event. Accounts from the time suggest that these symptoms included vomiting, bloodshot eyes, hearing loss, blindness, and loss of coordination. Historians disagree as to what caused the epidemic, but those involved included smallpox, the flu, or the Ebola virus. It is believed that the epidemic at the worst of times killed 5,000 people a day in Rome. After that, the empire experienced some of its most difficult years and almost collapsed.
4.Justinian Disease
Justinian's disease infected the Byzantine Empire about 541 CE and was considered one of the first pandemics in human history. You may want to check out some in our other videos about it. At its peak, the disease killed about 10,000 people a day and eventually killed about 100 million people worldwide. While many suspect that Justinian's disease originated in China or India and was transmitted by commercial means at sea, a particular virus or disease that caused the epidemic was never detected. It took 225 years before it finally disappeared. It also managed to change the course of human political history by preventing the Byzantine Empire from spreading to Italy.
5. Smallpox
Smallpox is the name of a highly contagious disease caused by a variola virus. Although no one really knows how smallpox came to be or how it spread so quickly,the first known cases came from Egypt and India. The earliest known evidence of smallpox actually came from the mother of the Egyptian Pharaoh Ramses V. Ramses, who died in 1145 BCE And his remains show signs of similar pockmarks associated with this particular disease. The smallpox epidemic is believed to have claimed countless lives during the Middle Ages and during the Roman Empire.
It was finally introduced to the Western Hemisphere in the 17th century. Brought by European explorers and immigrants, it directly led to the deaths of millions of natives in North, South, and Central America. It is also believed to have devastated Aztec and Inca civilizations. As if all of this were not enough, the Japanese smallpox epidemic, which lasted only from 735 to 737 CE, was killed.about a third of all Japanese people.
6. Malaria
Malaria is a contagious disease caused by a mosquito-borne disease that infects about 200 million people every year. It is highly drug-resistant, one of the deadliest pandemics in human history. Spreading mainly by those same mosquitoes, malaria often has an effect on less developed countries. Although scientists did not understand it or how it was distributed until the 1800's, the epidemic has been around for a long time. Written descriptions with malaria symptoms date back to 2700 BCE Some even believe that Genghis Khan may have died as a result.
7.Dark Death
Black Death is a common name for bubonic plague, which devastated Europeans throughout the 1300s. It is the most widespread epidemic in human history. And we have a lot of videos about this. It is caused by a bacterium called "Yersinia pestis," which kills many people, a disease transmitted by flies that were not immune to it. The fleas were attached to rats, which were distributed by merchant ships from Asia to Europe. Black Plague is characterized by watery discharge, bleeding wounds and high fever. During the 14th century, it is thought to have killed at least 50 million people throughout Asia, Africa, and Europe. In fact, it is believed that 30% to 60% of the European population is completely extinct. It persisted again. Different types of disease continued to grow and become an ongoing threat during the next century. Each time it reappeared, it took even more lives.
8.Cocoliztli Epidemic
The Cocoliztli epidemic, also known as the "Great Epidemic," was an incident that occurred from 1545 to 1548 in what is now Mexico. Unexplained illness or disease, characterized by high fever and bleeding, swept across the highlands of Mexico. Although the disease is unknown, some modern researchers suspect a type of salmonella called "Paratyphi C" may have been the underlying cause. Today, the death toll from five million to 15 million is making it the deadliest pandemic in Mexican history.
9. Moscow Disease
Another outbreak of bubonic plague, Moscow Plague, killed 50,000 people 100,000 people in 1770. There is no exact number. But it is believed that the outbreak killed about a third of Moscow's population at that time. If there is a silver line, it is that after this recurrence in Moscow, bubonic plague disappeared in Europe in the 18th century.
10.The Spanish Flu
The so-called “Spanish flu” began in 1918 and will continue to affect one third of the world's population. Mortality rates vary. But the disease is believed to have affected some 500 million people and claimed the lives of between 20 and 50 million people worldwide in just two years. Scientists will later identify the Spanish flu as a strain of influenza called "H1N1." The Spanish flu is also a warning to us about the consequences of a pandemic. Scientists are not sure where the Spanish flu came from. France, China, and Britain have all been suggested as a potential source of the virus, as has the United States, where the first known case was reported to a military base in Kansas on March 11, 1918. So why is it called.
the Spanish flu? However, although it was one of the most devastating epidemics in history, it struck during World War I. And much of its destruction was not immediately reported.due to testing. Spain, however, was a neutral country during the war and its newspapers were the only ones writing about the epidemic. This has led to the misnomer “Spanish flu,” which has led some to believe that the disease originated in Spain.
11. The Third Century Epidemic
The third epidemic was the outbreak of bubonic plague that started in China and lasted from 1855 to the 1950s. Yes, this outbreak lasted nearly 100 years. The epidemic gradually spread across Asia and is estimated to have claimed the lives of some 15 million people. It was not until 1898 that Paul-Louis Simond discovered the cause of the disease brown mice and fleas.caused the disease, helped to stop the spread of the disease and eventually led to illness policy construction.
12. Swine Flu
The swine flu epidemic lasted from 2009 to 2010 and is believed to have killed more than 200,000 people worldwide. Caused by a unique flu virus that has never been seen in animals or in humans, it posed a serious threat to scientists. The most closely related flu viruses were the North American swine flu, H1N1, Virus and Eurasian swine, H1N1, a virus. But research soon revealed that most infected people had never come in contact with pigs. This made it clear that the new virus was only affecting humans. At that time, H1N1 of 2009 was considered one of the deadliest modern pandemics in human history and it served as a warning to us that we humans are still highly vulnerable to the flu.
13. Ebola
The 2014 outbreak was the largest known Ebola outbreak in history and a real Ebola outbreak. This eruption, which could be in the last two years, it will be the most dangerous for the people of West Africa. Finally, in March 2016, the World Health Organization decided that the situation was under control. Sadly, this took a long time after at least 28,616 cases were confirmed and at least 11,310 people were killed throughout Liberia, Guinea, and Sierra Leone.
14.AIDS
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, better known as AIDS, has caused millions of deaths. Scientists believe that the disease began in Africa in the 1920's and spread slowly from there. By 1981, a case had been reported in Los Angeles, California. Outbreak of disease had profound and lasting effects on American culture. On the upside, safe sex and condom use is increasing dramatically. On the other hand, in In addition to the loss of life, the epidemic caused waves of discrimination directed at the LGBT community. The human immunodeficiency virus, known as "HIV," attacks the immune system. A person with HIV can get AIDS when their body becomes infected weakened to fight disease.
However, not all people with HIV will get AIDS. Many infected people are able to live normal, healthy lives, thanks to antiretroviral drugs that have been widely available over the years. However, not everyone was so fortunate. According to the World Health Organization, since the beginning of the epidemic, 75 million people have been infected with HIV, and about 32 million have died from it.
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